How to setup Anisble on Ubuntu 16.04

Installation

Type the following apt-get command or apt command:
$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get upgrade
$ sudo apt-get install software-properties-common
Next add ppa:ansible/ansible to your system’s Software Source:
$ sudo apt-add-repository ppa:ansible/ansible

 Ansible is a radically simple IT automation platform that makes your applications and systems easier to deploy. Avoid writing scripts or custom code to deploy and update your applications— automate in a language that approaches plain English, using SSH, with no agents to install on remote systems.

 

http://ansible.com/

More info: https://launchpad.net/~ansible/+archive/ubuntu/ansible

Press [ENTER] to continue or Ctrl-c to cancel adding it.

gpg: keybox ‘/tmp/tmp6t9bsfxg/pubring.gpg’ created

gpg: /tmp/tmp6t9bsfxg/trustdb.gpg: trustdb created

gpg: key 93C4A3FD7BB9C367: public key “Launchpad PPA for Ansible, Inc.” imported

gpg: Total number processed: 1

gpg:               imported: 1

OK

Update your repos:
$ sudo apt-get update
Sample outputs:

To install the latest version of ansible, enter:

Ign:1 http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb stable InRelease

Hit:2 http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb stable Release

Get:4 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful InRelease [237 kB]

Hit:5 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful-security InRelease

Get:6 http://ppa.launchpad.net/ansible/ansible/ubuntu artful InRelease [15.9 kB]

Get:7 http://ppa.launchpad.net/ansible/ansible/ubuntu artful/main amd64 Packages [560 B]

Get:8 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful-updates InRelease [65.4 kB]

Hit:9 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful-backports InRelease

Get:10 http://ppa.launchpad.net/ansible/ansible/ubuntu artful/main i386 Packages [560 B]

Get:11 http://ppa.launchpad.net/ansible/ansible/ubuntu artful/main Translation-en [340 B]

Fetched 319 kB in 5s (62.3 kB/s)

Reading package lists… Done

$ sudo apt-get install ansible

Type the following command:Finding out Ansible version

$ ansible –version
Sample outputs:

ansible 2.4.0.0

config file = /etc/ansible/ansible.cfg

configured module search path = [u’/home/vivek/.ansible/plugins/modules’, u’/usr/share/ansible/plugins/modules’]

ansible python module location = /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ansible

executable location = /usr/bin/ansible

python version = 2.7.14 (default, Sep 23 2017, 22:06:14) [GCC 7.2.0]

Creating your hosts file

Ansible needs to know your remote server names or IP address. This information is stored in a file called hosts. The default is /etc/ansible/hosts. You can edit this one or create a new one in your $HOME directory:
$ sudo vi /etc/ansible/hosts
Or
$ vi $HOME/hosts
Append your server’s DNS or IP address:

[webservers]

server1.nicktailor.com

192.168.0.21

192.168.0.25

 

[devservers]

192.168.0.22

192.168.0.23

192.168.0.24

I have two groups. The first one named as webserver and other is called devservers.

Setting up ssh keys

You must configure ssh keys between your machine and remote servers specified in ~/hosts file:
$ ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 4096 -C “My ansisble key”
Use scp or ssh-copy-id command to copy your public key file (e.g., $HOME/.ssh/id_rsa.pub) to your account on the remote server/host:
$ ssh-copy-id -i $HOME/.ssh/id_rsa.pub root@server1.cyberciti.biz
$ ssh-copy-id -i $HOME/.ssh/id_rsa.pub root@192.168.0.22
$ ssh-copy-id -i $HOME/.ssh/id_rsa.pub root@192.168.0.23
$ ssh-copy-id -i $HOME/.ssh/id_rsa.pub root@192.168.0.24
$ eval $(ssh-agent)
$ ssh-add
Now ansible can talk to all remote servers using ssh command.

Send ping server to all servers

Just type the following command:
$ ansible -i ~/hosts -m ping all
Sample outputs:

192.168.0.22 | SUCCESS => {

“changed”: false,

“failed”: false,

“ping”: “pong”

}

192.168.0.23 | SUCCESS => {

“changed”: false,

“failed”: false,

“ping”: “pong”

}

192.168.0.24 | SUCCESS => {

“changed”: false,

“failed”: false,

“ping”: “pong”

}

Find out uptime for all hosts

$ ansible -i hosts -m shell -a ‘uptime’ all
Sample outputs:

do-de.public | SUCCESS | rc=0

10:37:02 up 1 day,  8:39,  1 user,  load average: 0.95, 0.27, 0.12

 

do-blr-vpn | SUCCESS | rc=0

16:07:11 up 1 day,  8:43,  1 user,  load average: 0.01, 0.01, 0.00

 

ln.gfs01 | SUCCESS | rc=0

10:37:17 up 22 days,  5:30,  1 user,  load average: 0.18, 0.12, 0.05

Where,

  1. -i ~/hosts: Specify inventory host path. You can setup shell variable and skip the -i option. For e.g.: export ANSIBLE_HOSTS=~/hosts
  2. -m shell: Module name to execute such as shell, apt, yum and so on
  3. -a ‘uptime’: Module arguments. For example, shell module will accept Unix/Linux command names. The apt module will accept options to update remote boxes using apt-get/apt command and so on.
  4. all: The all means “all hosts.” You can speificy group name such as devservers (ansible -i hosts -m shell -a ‘uptime’ dbservers) or host names too.

Update all Debian/Ubuntu server using apt module

Run the following command:
$ ansible -i ~/hosts -m apt -a ‘update_cache=yes upgrade=dist’ dbservers

Writing your first playbook

You can combine all modules in a text file as follows in yml format i.e. create a file named update.yml:

– hosts: dbservers

tasks:

– name: Updating host using apt

apt:

update_cache: yes

                    upgrade: dist

Fig.01: Ansible playbook in actionNow you can run it as follows:
$ ansible-playbook -i ~/hosts update.yml

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